Cows are a fundamental building block of sustainable economies, specifically in rural and agricultural set ups when managed in ways that are ecologically, economically and socially viable. Our vision of the ‘Indigenous Cow Based Economy’ can only foster a better tomorrow with the mission of both maximum involvement of the existing rural structure and use of advanced technologies. Sustainable agriculture and conscientious cattle management are the primary determinants in harnessing the potential benefits of cows and simultaneously minimising their negative environmental impacts. It is essential to promote conservation and development of indigenous breeds of India through improved farm management and superior nutrition. Therefore, there is largely a need for an integrated cycle for Rural Self Sustainable Economic Development. There is tremendous potential to enhance the productivity of the indigenous cow breeds of India as they have innate genetic capacity to produce better quality milk. Dung and urine are the major resource of the cow economy, next only to bullock energy. Cow urine can be used as bio fertilizer and pest repellents which help to increase production of crops as well as reduced cost of production. Dried cow dung (Gobar) is used prolifically in rural India as fuel for fire and a power resource. Environment friendly Gobar Gas Plants across rural India will help save the ozone layer and prevent global warming. In the current scenario, the realisation that cow farms should be the centres of integral planning to harness milk, manure and power has become quite apparent.